Fibromatosis of the breast: a case report and literature review

Summary

Background: Fibromatosis of the breast, also known as desmoid-type fibromatosis (DTF), is a rare tumor marked by the development of non-metastatic, locally aggressive tumors in breast tissue. It represents only 0.2% of all breast tumors. It is a nonmalignant tumor that often resembles cancer in both its clinical presentation and radiologic imaging characteristics, posing unique diagnostic and management challenges. Case Description: This is a case report of a 34-year-old female with a history of bilateral silicone implant placement who presented with bilateral breast masses. She reported a 6-month history of a 1-cm firm, palpable mass in the right breast without associated pain or growth. She had a family history of breast, pancreatic, and prostate cancer but no significant past medical history. Ultrasound-guided biopsy of the right breast and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided biopsy of the left breast both revealed fibromatoses. She underwent bilateral excisional biopsies and surgical pathology confirmed breast fibromatosis in the background of benign breast tissue with fibrocystic changes. The patient had an uncomplicated post-operative course. Conclusions: This case report of a patient with prior breast augmentation surgery highlights the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of breast fibromatosis. The intricate relationship between desmoid tumors and factors such as tissue injury, surgical trauma, exogenous hormone exposure, and genetics is discussed. Ultimately, comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic approaches with individualized treatment strategies are essential for managing fibromatosis effectively.